[1]郭刚军,马尚玄,胡小静,等.氯化锌活化制备澳洲坚果壳活性炭试验[J].林业工程学报,2020,5(06):106-113.[doi:10.13360/j.issn.2096-1359.202001027]
　GUO Gangjun,MA Shangxuan,HU Xiaojing,et al.Preparation of the activated carbon from Macadamia shell by zinc chloride activation[J].Journal of Forestry Engineering,2020,5(06):106-113.[doi:10.13360/j.issn.2096-1359.202001027]
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氯化锌活化制备澳洲坚果壳活性炭试验()
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《林业工程学报》[ISSN:2096-1359/CN:32-1862/S]

卷:
5
期数:
2020年06期
页码:
106-113
栏目:
林产化学加工 执行主编：王飞 张美云
出版日期:
2020-11-01

文章信息/Info

Title:
Preparation of the activated carbon from Macadamia shell by zinc chloride activation
文章编号:
2096-1359（2020）06-0106-08
作者:
郭刚军1; 马尚玄1; 胡小静2; 付镓榕1; 许文龙2; 黄克昌1; 邹建云1
1.云南省热带作物科学研究所，云南666100；2.文山学院化学与工程学院，云南663000
Author(s):
GUO Gangjun1;  MA Shangxuan1;  HU Xiaojing2;  FU Jiarong1;  XU Wenlong2;  HUANG Kechang1;  ZOU Jianyun1
1. Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops, Yunnan 666100, China; 2. School of Chemistry and Engineering, Wenshan University, Yunnan 663000, China
关键词:
澳洲坚果壳; 活性炭; 氯化锌; 活化; 工艺优化; 结构表征
Keywords:
Macadamia shell;  activated carbon;  zinc chloride;  activation;  technology optimization;  structural characterization
分类号:
TQ424.1
DOI:
10.13360/j.issn.2096-1359.202001027
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
以澳洲坚果壳为原料，采用氯化锌活化法制备活性炭，通过单因素与正交试验研究了活化时间、浸渍比（g:mL）、活化温度、氯化锌质量分数与浸渍时间对制备活性炭得率及吸附能力的影响，优化了最适宜的制备条件，并利用傅里叶红外光谱（FTIR）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）、氮气吸附脱附等技术对最优工艺条件下所制备的活性炭进行了结构表征。结果表明，澳洲坚果壳活性炭制备工艺的各个因素对制备活性炭得率、亚甲基蓝吸附值和碘吸附值影响的主次顺序依次为：活化时间、浸渍比、浸渍时间、活化温度、氯化锌质量分数。最佳制备工艺条件为：活化时间3.5 h、浸渍比1∶4、活化温度550 ℃、氯化锌质量分数50%、浸渍时间19 h，在此条件下，制备活性炭的得率、水分质量分数、灰分质量分数、强度、亚甲基蓝吸附值和碘吸附值分别为49.95%、1.45%、0.84%、96.78%、412 mg/g和1 830 mg/g。制备的澳洲坚果壳活性炭的结构表征结果表明：比表面积为1 174 m2/g，其中微孔占总比表面积的42.33%，中孔占57.67%；总孔容为0.82 cm3/g，微孔占总孔容的29.27%，中孔占70.73%；平均孔径为2.80 nm，微孔孔径主要分布在0.93～1.61 nm，中孔孔径分布在2～10 nm，属于中孔型活性炭，并拥有较大比例的微孔，其表面存在醇羟基、酚羟基、醚基、羰基、羧基等含氧官能团，具有一定的亲水性及较强的吸附能力。
Abstract:
The activated carbon of Macadamia shell was prepared with zinc chloride as an activating agent. The effects of activation time, impregnation ratio, activation temperature, zinc chloride mass fraction and impregnation time, on the yield and the adsorptive capacity of the activated carbon were studied, and the optimal preparation conditions were determined. The properties and pore structure of the activated carbon were characterized with the infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Xray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and nitrogen adsorptiondesorption. The results showed that the contents of carbon element, hydrogen element, oxygen element, nitrogen element and ash in Macadamia shell were 50.24%, 7.06%, 39.92%, 0.28%, and 1.02%, respectively. The Macadamia shell contained higher fixed carbon and lower ash and had the condition of preparing high quality activated carbon. The effect of five processing conditions on the yield, the methylene cyanine adsorption value, and the iodine adsorption value of the activated carbon of Macadamia shell was all in the descending order of the activation time, impregnation ratio, impregnation time, activation temperature and zinc chloride mass fraction. The optimal preparation conditions were determined as follows: activation time of 3.5 h, impregnation ratio of 1∶4, activation temperature of 550 ℃, zinc chloride mass fraction of 50%, and impregnation time of 19 h. Under these conditions, the yield, water content, ash content, strength, methylene cyanine adsorption value and iodine adsorption value of the activated carbon were 49.95%, 1.45%, 0.84%, 96.78%, 412 mg/g and 1 830 mg/g, respectively. The specific surface area of the activated carbon of Macadamia shell was 1 174 m2/g, the micropore and mesoporous specific surface area accounted for 42.33% and 57.67%, respectively. The total pore volume was 0.82 cm3/g, the micropore and mesoporous pore volume accounted for 29.27% and 70.73%, respectively. The average pore size was 2.80 nm, the micropores size was between 0.93 and 1.61 nm, and the mesoporous size was between 2 and 10 nm. The activated carbon of Macadamia shell belonged to the mesoporous activated carbon, which possessed a larger proportion of micropores and higher adsorption capacity. Besides, the oxygencontaining functional groups such as phenol, alcohol hydroxyl, ether, carboxyl, carboxyl etc. existed in the surface of activated carbon, which possessed the certain hydrophilic and stronger adsorptive capacity. Compared to the China national standards, the quality index and adsorption capacity values of Macadamia shell activated carbon were up to the standard requirements of the first grade activated carbon. The results can provide the references for the development and utilization of Macadamia shell.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2020-01-21? ? ?修回日期：2020-08-05
基金项目：云南省热带作物科技创新体系建设专项（RF2020-14,RF2019-11,RF2018-10）。
作者简介：郭刚军，男，副研究员，研究方向为热带农产品加工利用研究。E-mail：guogangjun2001@126.com。
更新日期/Last Update: 2020-11-11