[1]王杰,茹煜*,周宏平,等.苗木喷雾机风送系统优化设计及气流场试验[J].林业工程学报,2020,5(01):129-138.[doi:10.13360/j.issn.2096-1359.201902007]
　WANG Jie,RU Yu*,ZHOU Hongping,et al.Optimal design and airflow field test of seedling sprayer air-assisted system[J].Journal of Forestry Engineering,2020,5(01):129-138.[doi:10.13360/j.issn.2096-1359.201902007]
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苗木喷雾机风送系统优化设计及气流场试验()
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《林业工程学报》[ISSN:2096-1359/CN:32-1862/S]

卷:
5
期数:
2020年01期
页码:
129-138
栏目:
装备与信息化 执行主编：周宏平
出版日期:
2020-01-07

文章信息/Info

Title:
Optimal design and airflow field test of seedling sprayer air-assisted system
文章编号:
2096-1359(2020)01-0129-10
作者:
王杰; 茹煜*; 周宏平; 王水金; 倪佳胜; 张超
南京林业大学机械电子工程学院,南京 210037
Author(s):
WANG Jie;  RU Yu*;  ZHOU Hongping;  WANG Shuijin;  NI Jiasheng;  ZHANG Chao
College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
关键词:
苗木喷雾机;  多出口装置;  风送系统;  流场模拟
Keywords:
seedling sprayer;  multi-outlet devices;  pneumatic system;  flow simulation
分类号:
S491
DOI:
10.13360/j.issn.2096-1359.201902007
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
针对国内多风管苗木喷雾机风送距离短、机型体积与载重量大的问题,对苗木喷雾机风送系统中的多出口装置结构进行优化模拟和试验验证。设计了多排八出口、多排六出口和双排八出口3种多出口装置,采用模拟和试验相结合的方法,得出多出口装置型式对出口风速和风压的影响规律。结果表明:试验与模拟风速数据大致相似,3种装置出口风速试验值和模拟值的拟合优度分别为0.596 6,0.968 8,0.696 3,验证数值模拟方法的可行性; 多排六出口装置出口风压最高,平均风压为662 Pa,各出口风压与风速变化趋势基本一致; 多排六出口装置出口风速比八出口高,出口风速范围在29.52～34.85 m/s,各出口风速均匀性更好; 在风机3 000 r/min转速下,风管出口风速在喷雾距离0～1.5 m范围内衰减较快,在5 m处风速衰减到1.5 m/s左右; 在相同风管高度间隔时,风速边界随风管出口数量增多而增大,与出口风速无关; 风送系统外流场在4 m距离内风场垂直面的雾滴沉积分布均匀性较好,5 m距离以上均匀性较差。综合考虑喷雾机整机尺寸和承载能力,多排六出口风送系统更合理,气流射程和雾滴沉积分布能满足5 m的作业要求。
Abstract:
In order to solve the problem of short air supply distance and large model size and load capacity of the domestic multi-duct seedling sprayer, the multi-outlet device in the seedling sprayer air-assisted system was optimized and tested. The seedling sprayer divided the single large outlet of the air-assisted sprayer with centrifugal fan into a plurality of small air outlets to transport the droplets through the multi-outlet device, and it could flexibly adjust the structure of the duct support, the length of the duct, and the position of the outlet for the multi-morphological characteristics of the seedlings. A variety of working modes could solve the problems of short spray distance and low utilization rate of liquid medicine. In order to ensure the bearing capacity and possibility requirements of the chassis, the seedling sprayer should be lightweight, and the multi-outlet device should be optimized. It was necessary to ensure that the air volume and the wind pressure loss provided by the air-assisted system was minimized, and the seedling pest control requirements could be met. In this paper, three kinds of multi-outlet devices were designed as multi-row eight outlets, multi-row six outlets, and double-row eight outlets. This article adopted the methods of computational fluid dynamics numerical simulation and experiment, and the influence of multi-outlet devices on the wind speed and wind pressure at the outlet was studied to obtain the structural features of the multi-outlet device that facilitated airflow transmission, and to verify the wind speed distribution of the external flow field of the air-assisted system, in order to provide reference for the performance optimization of the seedling sprayer air-assisted system. The results showed that the wind speed test results were similar to the simulated data. The article analyzed the fitting analysis of the test value and the simulated value for outlet wind speed of the three devices respectively, in order to verify the accuracy of the numerical simulation. The multi-row six outlets device had the highest outlet air pressure, and the average wind pressure was 662 Pa. The trend of wind pressure distribution at each outlet was basically the same as the wind speed distribution. The average wind speed at the outlet of the multi-row six outlets device was higher than that at the outlet of the eight outlets device, and the wind speed at the outlet ranged from 29.52 m/s to 34.85 m/s, and the uniformity of wind speed of the multi-row six outlets device at the outlet was the best. The measuring sections of the external flow field were 0.6 m, 1.2 m, 2 m, 3 m, 4 m and 5 m from the outlet of the air duct, and each section was arranged with two rows of vertically measuring points. At the 3 000 r/min speed, the wind speed distribution test of the external flow field of the pneumatic system was analyzed that the outlet wind speed of the ducts was attenuated faster in the range of 0 to 1.5 m, and the wind speed was attenuated to about 1.5 m/s at 5 m. At the same duct height interval, the wind speed boundary increased with the number of duct outlets, and it had nothing to do with the outlet wind speed of duct outlets. The airflow of each duct began to mix with each other to form a continuous external flow field within a spray range of 0.5 to 1.0 m. In the external flow field of the air delivery system, the uniformity of droplet deposition on the vertical surface of the wind field within 4 m distance was better, and the uniformity above 5 m distance was poor. Airflow with a duct height of 0.75 m, 1.25 m and 1.75 m had a similar speed at the same spray distance, and the wind speed difference at different heights decreased with the increase of spray distance. It was beneficial to evenly cover the entire working area and improve work efficiency. After the comprehensive analysis, when considering the integrated dimension and the load capacity of the seedlings prayer, the multi-row six outlets pneumatic system was more reasonable, and the spray range could reach operation requirements of 5 m.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期:2019-03-24 修订日期: 2019-06-09
基金项目:“十三五”国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0600202-04); 国家林业局“948”项目(2015-4-56)。
作者简介:王杰,男,研究方向为现代植保机械。通信作者:茹煜,女,教授。E-mail:superchry@163.com
更新日期/Last Update: 2019-12-10